高德地理编码

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Java使用高德地理编码API

API说明

地理编码 API是通过 HTTP/HTTPS 协议访问远程服务的接口,提供结构化地址与经纬度之间的相互转化的能力。

  • 地理编码: 将详细的结构化地址转换为高德经纬度坐标。

  • 注: API地址高德 —— 地理编码,同时需要申请key,具体方法查看链接

步骤解析

  1. 申请key;

  2. 使用RestTemplate 调用RESt API;

  3. 返回结果信息,做对应的操作。

前提

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<!-- lombok 插件,使用注解的方式简化实体类get/set 方法生成 -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Gson -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
  <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
</dependency>

部分编码

  • 创建外部配置文件,设置申请的 高德key等配置

配置文件

创建配置文件geocode.properties

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# 高德——地理编码
geo.url= http://restapi.amap.com/v3/geocode/geo
geo.key= xxx #自己申请的key

修改启动类,增加该配置类注解

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@EnableConfigurationProperties(GeocodingProperties.class)

使用实体类,获取配置文件内容

  • SpringMVC项目获取配置文件的方式
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public class GeocodeUtil{

  static Properties properties = new Properties();

	static {
		ClassLoader cl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
		InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(cl.getResourceAsStream("gaode.properties"));
		try {
			properties.load(in);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (in != null) {
				try {
					in.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * API 请求URL
	 */
	private final static String GD_URL = properties.getProperty("gaodeUrl");

	/**
	 * 高德地图 key
	 */
	private final static String GD_KEY = properties.getProperty("gaodeKey");

}
  • SpringBoot使用实体类获取自定义配置代码块

配置属性实体类

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package com.sanss.config;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;

@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:geocode.properties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "geo")
@Data
@ToString
public class GeocodingProperties {

	private String url;

	private String key;

}

工具类代码块

  • 说明

    1. 该类中的多个内部实体类,可以独立生成文件;
    2. 返回结果获取的实体类属性,可以自己增加或更改成与需求一致;
    3. 只是最简单的方式完成请求API,其他操作需根据自身需求进行更改。
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package com.sanss.util.geocode;

import com.sanss.config.GeocodingProperties;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * @ClassName: GeoDto
 * @Description: 调用高德地理编码API传递的参数实体类
 * @date 2019/03/27
 */
class GeoDto {

	private Boolean batch;

	private String city;

	private String address;

	private String url;

	private String key;

	public GeoDto() {
	}

	public GeoDto(List<String> address, String city, Boolean batch, String url, String key) {
		StringBuilder addressSb = new StringBuilder();
		for (int i = 0, length = address.size(); i < length; i++) {
			addressSb.append(address.get(i));
			addressSb.append("|");
		}
		this.address = addressSb.substring(0, addressSb.lastIndexOf("|")).toString();
		this.city = city;
		this.batch = batch;
		this.url = url;
		this.key = key;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return url + "?batch=" + batch + "&key=" + key + "&city=" + city + "&address=" + address;
	}

}

/**
 * @ClassName: Geocodes
 * @Description: 返回结果实体类, 只获取了location:经纬度 API 地址：https://lbs.amap.com/api/webservice/guide/api/georegeo
 * 返回结果示例: {"status":"1","info":"OK","infocode":"10000","count":"1","geocodes":[{"formatted_address":"上海市浦东新区东方明珠","country":"中国","province":"上海市","citycode":"021","city":"上海市","district":"浦东新区","township":[],"neighborhood":{"name":[],"type":[]},"building":{"name":[],"type":[]},"adcode":"310115","street":[],"number":[],"location":"121.499740,31.239853","level":"兴趣点"}]}
 * @date 2019/03/27
 */

@Data
@ToString
class Geocodes {

	private String location;

}

@Data
@ToString
class Geocode {

	private int status;

	private int count;

	private List<Geocodes> geocodes;

}

/**
 * @ClassName: GeoCodingUtil
 * @Description: 高德地理编码/逆编码(将地址转换为经度,纬度) API: https://lbs.amap.com/api/webservice/guide/api/georegeo/#scene
 * @date 2019/03/14
 */
@Component
public class GeoCodingUtil {

	@Autowired
	private RestTemplate restTemplate;

	@Autowired
	private GeocodingProperties properties;

	private static GeoCodingUtil geoCodingUtil;

	@PostConstruct
	private void init() {
		geoCodingUtil = this;
		geoCodingUtil.properties = this.properties;
		geoCodingUtil.restTemplate = this.restTemplate;
	}

	public List<String> getShanghaiGeocoding(List<String> address, boolean batch) {
		List<String> point = new ArrayList<>();

		System.out.println(geoCodingUtil.properties.toString());

		GeoDto geoDto = new GeoDto(address, "上海", batch, geoCodingUtil.properties.getUrl(),
				geoCodingUtil.properties.getKey());
		String realUrl = geoDto.toString();
		System.out.println(realUrl);
		try {
			Geocode geocode = geoCodingUtil.restTemplate.getForObject(realUrl, Geocode.class);
			int count = geocode.getCount();
			if (count > 0) {
				List<Geocodes> geocodes = geocode.getGeocodes();
				Iterator<Geocodes> iterator = geocodes.iterator();
				String location;
				while (iterator.hasNext()) {
					location = iterator.next().getLocation();
					if (location == null) {
						point.add("");
						continue;
					}
					point.add(location);
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return point;
	}
}

测试类

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package com.sanss.util;

import com.sanss.config.GeocodingProperties;
import com.sanss.util.geocode.GeoCodingUtil;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class GeoCodingUtilTest {

	@Autowired
	private GeocodingProperties properties;

	@Test
	public void propertiesTest() {
		System.out.println(properties.getKey() + "\t" + properties.getUrl());
	}

	@Test
	public void getShanghaiGeocodingTest() {
    // 目前最高支持十个地址查询
		List<String> address = new ArrayList<String>();
		address.add("东方明珠广播塔");
		address.add("虹口足球场");
		address.add("徐家汇地铁站");
		List<String> points = new GeoCodingUtil().getShanghaiGeocoding(address, true);
		System.out.println(points);
	}

}
  • 打印结果
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[121.499740,31.239853, 121.480592,31.271447, 121.438133,31.191698]